Volume 3 Issue 2 | 2026 | View PDF
Paper Id:IJMSM-V3I2P108
doi: 10.71141/30485037/V3I2P108

From Fruit Waste to Functional Bioactive: A Comprehensive Review on Apple Peel Extract and its Therapeutic Relevance

Salma Khatun, Glory Dismas Bhini, Anam Fatima, Md Irfan, Masoom Raja, Badruddeen, Mohammad Irfan Khan, Juber Akhtar, Mohammad Ahmad, Akash Srivastav

Citation:
Salma Khatun, Glory Dismas Bhini, Anam Fatima, Md Irfan, Masoom Raja, Badruddeen, Mohammad Irfan Khan, Juber Akhtar, Mohammad Ahmad, Akash Srivastav, "From Fruit Waste to Functional Bioactive: A Comprehensive Review on Apple Peel Extract and its Therapeutic Relevance" International Journal of Multidisciplinary on Science and Management, Vol. 3, No. 2, pp. 73-78, 2026.

Abstract:
Apples (Malus domestica) are consumed lavishly worldwide, while demand is increasing for the management of the huge apple-waste amounts that lead to significant disposal costs and ecological issues. Additionally, apple represent fruits with several bioactive constituents, which are key factors in a healthy, balanced diet. In the present study, an extensive review is presented regarding the bioactive compounds of an apple processing by-product, namely apple peel, mentioning their significance as viable ingredients/substances in foods and cosmetics aiming at chronic disease prevention and health promotion. In this paper, we review the recent studies about the chemical composition of apples, including carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, dietary fibers, minerals, vitamins, phenolics, and other compounds. Among the bioactive compounds in apple, the phenolic compounds, including hydroxybenzoic acids, hydroxycinnamic acids, flavanols and their oligo- and polymeric structure, flavonols, dihydrochalcones, and anthocyanins, majorly contribute to beneficial biological impacts. These bioactive compounds leads to its antioxidant, antiinflammatory, anti-microbial, anti-cancer and skin-protective properties. Here, we also review studies on various extraction method of apple peel such as maceration, Soxhlet extraction, ultrasound-assisted extraction. All these characteristics make apple residues suitable as natural ingredients for the development of high-added-value products in food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical industries. This review focuses on the phytochemical constituents, extraction methods, pharmacological activities, and future prospects of apple peel extract as a valuable natural therapeutic agent. It focus on evaluation of benefits, pharmacological effects of apple peel extract in various diseases.

Keywords: Apple Peel, Review, Bioactive Compounds, Phenolics, Anti-Oxidant, Extraction.

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